Additionally, the significant weight loss achieved with GLP-1 receptor agonists leads to changes in body composition, fluid distribution, and metabolic rate, all of which can influence cardiovascular hemodynamics
Changes from baseline in systolic and/or diastolic BP were the primary outcome for the included trials
Many patients unconsciously increase portion sizes as weeks pass
Common Short-term Side Effects The most common side effects occur especially when starting treatment or increasing doses, and include: Weight gain and increased appetite : Often one of the first noticeable effects Mood changes : Including irritability, anxiety, or euphoria Sleep disturbances : Insomnia or changes in sleep patterns Fluid retention : Causing swelling, particularly in the face (moon face) High blood sugar : Can unmask diabetes or worsen existing diabetes Skin changes : Including acne, easy bruising, and delayed wound healing Serious Long-term Side Effects Long-term use or high doses carry an increased risk for more serious complications: Infection Risk : Suppressed immune system increases the risk of bacterial, viral, and fungal infections Serious infections occur in 3-7% of patients on moderate doses over one year This risk may be increased in immunocompromised patients Bone and Muscle Effects : Osteoporosis affects 30-50% of long term corticosteroid therapy patients Avascular necrosis (bone tissue death due to poor blood supply) Muscle weakness and muscle pain Increased fracture risk, especially in spine and hips Heart Complications : High blood pressure Irregular heartbeat Increased risk of heart disease Fluid retention in lower legs Other Serious Effects : Vision problems including cataracts and glaucoma Severe headache Stomach ulcers Liver disease (rare but possible) Worsening mental illness or new symptoms Important Safety Considerations Taking prednisone safely requires awareness of several critical safety considerations and regular monitoring by your healthcare provider
Population estimates for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland: mid-2022
