Symptoms include sharp upper abdominal pain, especially after eating fatty foods
Within seconds of the sensing of increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), several enzymes of glycolysis (particularly glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase) are inhibiting allowing for the diversion of glucose carbons into the PPP
TNF, tumor necrosis factor
Oil, styling products, and debris can be pushed into channels, causing infection or inflammation
Several important considerations apply: Individuals with active or severe gastrointestinal disease may experience worsening symptoms due to the gastrointestinal side effects of GLP-1 medications The slowed gastric emptying caused by these drugs could theoretically exacerbate symptoms in people with strictures or obstructive complications of Crohn's disease Weight loss associated with GLP-1 therapy may be inappropriate in patients with Crohn's disease who are already experiencing malnutrition or unintentional weight loss The interaction between GLP-1 medications and the inflammatory processes in IBD is not fully understood Clinical decision-making should involve a thorough assessment of disease activity, nutritional status, presence of complications (such as strictures or fistulas), and the primary indication for GLP-1 therapy
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